Lower and upper back pain, sciatica, disc problems and post-operative back rehabilitation.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Pratik Khaire (PT), BPT, COMT, CDNT, CDCT, CIAFMT · Last reviewed 2026-08-16
Why this happens: Often caused by muscle strain, poor movement patterns, prolonged sitting or general deconditioning.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio identifies contributing factors and builds a progressive program of manual therapy, core strengthening and movement correction.
Why this happens: Commonly linked to poor posture, prolonged sitting, or stiffness through the mid-back (thoracic spine).
How physiotherapy helps: Physio improves thoracic mobility and strengthens supporting muscles to relieve pain and improve posture.
Why this happens: Pain arising from how the spine's joints, discs and muscles move and load, rather than a specific injury.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio analyses your movement patterns and corrects the mechanical factors driving your pain.
Why this happens: Age-related degeneration of the lower spine's discs and joints leads to stiffness and pain.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio maintains mobility, strengthens supporting muscles and teaches strategies to manage flare-ups.
Why this happens: A disc in the lower back bulges, herniates or degenerates, sometimes irritating nearby nerves.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio uses positioning, gentle mobilisation and progressive strengthening to relieve pressure and support healing.
Why this happens: The sciatic nerve is compressed or irritated, often by a disc problem, causing pain that radiates down the leg.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio relieves nerve irritation through targeted techniques and addresses the underlying cause to prevent recurrence.
Why this happens: A compressed nerve root in the lower spine causes pain, tingling, numbness or weakness into the leg.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio uses nerve-relieving techniques and a structured strengthening program to support recovery.
Why this happens: Lower back muscles are overstretched or overworked, often from lifting, sudden movement, or overuse.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio reduces muscle spasm and rebuilds strength for a safe return to normal activity.
Why this happens: Reduced movement, prolonged sitting or muscle guarding restricts the spine's normal range of motion.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio restores mobility through manual therapy and a targeted stretching and movement program.
Why this happens: Sustained poor posture, especially with desk work, gradually overloads the back's muscles and joints.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio corrects posture and builds core and back strength to reduce ongoing strain.
Why this happens: Pain persisting beyond normal healing time, often influenced by movement patterns, deconditioning and lifestyle factors.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio takes a whole-person approach, combining graded activity, strengthening and education to improve function and reduce pain.
Why this happens: Pain, stiffness and weakness are expected after spinal surgery as tissues heal.
How physiotherapy helps: Physio follows your surgeon's protocol to safely restore movement, strength and function at the right pace.
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This information is educational and general in nature, and does not replace an in-person assessment. If you're experiencing severe pain, sudden weakness, numbness, or symptoms after significant trauma, please seek medical attention promptly.